Understanding Endometriosis and Its Impact on Fertility

Endometriosis is a common condition that can affect many areas of life, including fertility. If you have been diagnosed with endometriosis or are experiencing symptoms, this video explains what the condition involves and how it may affect your chances of conceiving. Endometriosis occurs when, tissue similar to the lining of the womb, grows in other areas of the body - most commonly in the pelvis. This tissue responds to hormones in the same way as the womb lining, leading to inflammation, pain, and sometimes the formation of scar tissue, adhesions, or fluid-filled cysts called endometriomas. Common symptoms include painful periods; pelvic pain; pain during or after intercourse; and fatigue. Some people also experience pain with bowel movements or during urination. However, symptoms vary widely. Some people have severe endometriosis with few symptoms, while others with mild disease, may experience significant discomfort. Endometriosis affects approximately one in ten women and people with a uterus in the UK. Diagnosis can sometimes take time, with ultrasound and MRI able to identify certain types of endometriosis - but a laparoscopy remains the most detailed method of assessment. Endometriosis can affect fertility in several ways. It may cause inflammation in the pelvis that affects egg quality or how well the fallopian tubes function. Scar tissue and adhesions can change the anatomy of the reproductive organs, making it more difficult for an egg and sperm to meet. The condition is classified into four stages from minimal to severe. However, it is encouraging to know that an estimated six-to-seven in ten people with mild to moderate endometriosis, conceive without medical assistance. Where difficulties do arise, there are effective treatments available. Treatment options depend on the severity of the condition and your individual goals. For some people, laparoscopic surgery to remove endometriosis tissue may improve the chances of natural conception. For others, fertility treatments such as IUI or IVF may be recommended. Your specialist will discuss the most appropriate pathway with you. If fertility is a priority, seeking specialist guidance early is important. NICE guidelines recommend that management of endometriosis should involve a multidisciplinary team with input from a fertility specialist. At Braetha, both Mr Braithwaite and Dr Venki can carry out a thorough assessment - including ultrasound scanning, and hormone testing. For some people with endometriosis, fertility preservation through egg freezing may also be worth considering, particularly if there is a risk of premature fertility decline. This is something your consultant can discuss with you, based on your individual situation, and future plans. Living with endometriosis can also take a toll on your emotional wellbeing. Please do not hesitate to ask your clinical team about access to counselling, or support services. For further information - Endometriosis UK; and NICE guidelines offer trusted information and resources. If you have endometriosis and would like to explore your fertility options, please get in touch - our team at Braetha is here to support you.